TINJAUAN HUKUM TENTANG SURAT VISUM ET REPERTUM DALAM PROSES PEMBUKTIAN PERKARA PIDANA PEMERKOSAAN

Abstract

In the criminal justice system, evidence is the core of the legal process. One important piece of evidence in rape cases is the post-mortem examination (visum et repertum), which presents medical information scientifically and objectively. This study aims to examine in depth the position of the post-mortem examination (visum et repertum) as evidence in rape cases, as well as to assess the effectiveness of legal enforcement and the role of experts in the evidentiary process. The research method used is a juridical-empirical approach with a descriptive-analytical approach. The results indicate that the application of the law regarding rape has a clear normative basis, but in the field, technical and coordinative obstacles are still encountered, especially in the procedure for requesting a post-mortem examination. The post-mortem examination (visum et repertum) holds an important position as written evidence in the evidentiary system in Indonesia, but its evidentiary strength is highly dependent on the timeliness of the examination, the competence of the medical personnel, and the completeness of the format and content of the post-mortem examination. The post-mortem examination can serve as a strong basis for proving rape cases if it is carried out according to procedure, on time, and prepared by competent and responsible experts. Therefore, improving coordination between law enforcement agencies and medical personnel, as well as strengthening the capacity of investigators and forensic doctors, is crucial to achieving an effective and accountable evidentiary process.

Keywords: Visum et Repertum, rape, evidence, crime, and criminal procedure.