Kajian Efektivitas Koagulasi-Flokulasi, Oksidasi Lanjutan, dan Elektrokoagulasi dalam Pengolahan Limbah Tekstil

Abstract

Textile industry wastewater is one of the major sources of water pollution containing dyes, organic compounds, suspended solids, and heavy metals. These characteristics lead to high levels of color, chemical oxygen demand (COD), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), total suspended solids (TSS), and environmental toxicity. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of coagulation-flocculation, advanced oxidation processes, and electrocoagulation in treating textile wastewater. A systematic literature review (SLR) approach using PRISMA was applied, involving identification, screening, eligibility, and inclusion of scientific articles from databases such as Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, SpringerLink, and MDPI within the period 2019–2026. The results indicate that coagulation-flocculation is effective as a pretreatment for removing TSS and color but is limited in degrading complex organic compounds. Advanced oxidation processes such as Fenton, photo-Fenton, and ozonation are effective in degrading color and COD through hydroxyl radical formation. Electrocoagulation shows more comprehensive performance by simultaneously removing color, COD, TSS, and heavy metals. In conclusion, no single method is optimal for all parameters; therefore, a combined treatment approach is the most effective strategy for textile wastewater treatment.