Model Tata Kelola Adaptif dan Kolaboratif pada Kota Cerdas: Analisis Literatur Global 2020–2025

Muhammad Ilham Nur Ikhsan Rintaka

doi:10.33592/jiia.v16i1.8789

Penulis

Muhammad Ilham Nur Ikhsan Rintaka Univeritas Halu Oleo, Kendari

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.33592/jiia.v16i1.8789

Abstrak

Perkembangan konsep kota cerdas mendorong transformasi paradigma pembangunan perkotaan dari pendekatan teknologi semata menuju tata kelola yang mengintegrasikan dimensi teknologi, sosial dan kelembagaan. Meski demikian, banyak inisiatif kota cerdas menghadapi kendala implementasi akibat lemahnya koordinasi antaraktor dan rendahnya partisipasi warga. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis peran kolaborasi multiaktor dalam meningkatkan efektivitas tata kelola kota cerdas secara global. Metode yang digunakan adalah Systematic Literature Review (SLR) mengikuti pedoman PRISMA, dengan data dari basis Scopus. Dari 200 artikel awal, 33 artikel empiris yang diterbitkan antara 2020-2025 dianalisis melalui sintesis tematik. Hasil Penelitian menunjukkan bahwa efektivitas tata kelola kota cerdas dipengaruhi oleh empat dimensi utama: kepemimpinan adaptif pemerintah, partisipasi warga, inovasi sosial dan kepercayaan digital. Analisis lintas kawasan mengungkap variasi pola tata kelola yang dipengaruhi oleh konteks kelembagaan dan sosial ekonomi. Penelitian ini mengusulkan Smart City Collaborative Governance Framework, yang mengintegrasikan pendekatan quadruple helix dan adaptive governance, sebagai kerangka konseptual untuk memahami dinamika kolaborasi multiaktor dalam pembangunan kota cerdas. Temuan ini memberikan kontribusi teoritis pada literatur tata kelola kolaboratif serta panduan praktis bagi pembuat kebijakan, akademisi, dan sektor industri dalam membangun ekosistem kolaboratif yang mendorong inovasi dan keberlanjutan perkotaan.

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